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Saturday, July 21, 2012

Positive Impact On Metabolic Syndrome And Satiety Offered By Eggs

Main Category: Nutrition / Diet
Also Included In: Cholesterol; Heart Disease
Article Date: 26 Apr 2012 - 0:00 PDT

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At Experimental Biology (EB) 2012 in San Diego, experts convened to discuss the latest science in a variety of health and disease-related areas, including nutrition. Research on whole egg consumption in individuals with metabolic syndrome as well as the positive effects of a higher-protein breakfast is further revealing the potential benefits of including eggs in the diet.

Whole Egg Consumption May Improve Markers of Metabolic Syndrome

A University of Connecticut study presented this week suggests that eating eggs may actually have favorable effects on HDL metabolism in men and women with metabolic syndrome.(i) Participants in the study followed a carbohydrate-restricted diet with some individuals eating three whole eggs per day and others eating an equivalent amount of egg substitute. After 12 weeks, the group eating whole eggs experienced an improvement in HDL measures showing significantly greater increases in the number and size of HDL particles. HDL or "good" cholesterol scavenges for fat throughout the bloodstream and returns it to the liver, making it less likely that fatty deposits will build up in the blood vessels and lead to atherosclerosis.

Related findings were also presented in separate sessions that suggest that consuming whole eggs as part of a carbohydrate-restricted diet may help to further improve markers indicative of inflammation, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in individuals with metabolic syndrome.(ii)

Higher-Protein Breakfast Reduces High-Fat Snacking

A study by researchers at the University of Missouri found that teen girls reported greater feelings of satiety and experienced improved hormone responses related to hunger and satiety after consuming a higher-protein breakfast, containing about 35 grams of protein from egg or beef-based foods. Teen girls who consumed a high-protein breakfast also ate fewer snacks, especially those higher in fat, later in the day.(iii) These findings build on past research showing the benefits of high-quality protein on satiety, further supporting the science behind what makes eggs such a satisfying breakfast choice.(iv)

Clarifying Cholesterol Confusion

Many Americans avoid the dietary cholesterol found in eggs for fear of raising their risk of heart disease, but more than 40 years of research has shown that healthy adults can enjoy eggs without concern for increasing their risk for heart disease. Additionally, an analysis from the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service showed that eggs have 14 percent less cholesterol (down from 215 mg to 185 mg) than previously measured.(v) Established research also has shown that saturated fat intake may be more likely to raise a person's blood cholesterol than dietary cholesterol intake and eggs contain relatively little saturated fat.(vi) The findings presented at this week's meeting in combination with the decades of science demonstrating the health benefits of eating eggs further support the role of eggs in a nutritious diet.

Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release. Click 'references' tab above for source.
Visit our nutrition / diet section for the latest news on this subject. i Andersen CJ, Blesso CN, Park Y, Barona J, Pham T, Lee J and Fernandez ML. Carbohydrate restriction favorably affects HDL metabolism in men and women with metabolic syndrome: addition of egg yolk further increases large HDL particles. Experimental Biology 2012. San Diego, CA. April 23, 2012.
ii Blesso CN, Andersen CJ, Barona J, Volk B, Volek JS and Fernandez ML. A moderate carbohydrate-restricted diet results in weight loss and improves clinical parameters of metabolic syndrome in adult men and women and addition of egg yolk further improves inflammation. Experimental Biology 2012. San Diego, CA. April 23, 2012.
iii Leidy HJ, Ortinau LC, Douglas SM, Hoertel HA. Effects of Increased Dietary Protein at Breakfast on Appetite Control & Energy intake Throughout the Day in Overweight 'Breakfast Skipping' Teen Girls. Experimental Biology 2012. San Diego, CA. April 23, 2012.
iv Leidi HJ, Racki EM. The addition of a protein-rich breakfast and its effects on acute appetite control and food intake in 'breakfast-skipping' adolescents. International Journal of Obesity. E-pub ahead of print February 2010.
v US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 2011. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 23. Online. Available at: Nutrient Data Laboratory Home Page, http://www.ars.usda.gov/main/site_main.htm?modecode=12-35-45-00. Accessed October 24, 2011.
vi Siri-Tarino PW, Sun Q, Hu FB, Krauss RM. Saturated fat, carbohydrate, and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91: 535-546.
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Edelman Public Relations. "Positive Impact On Metabolic Syndrome And Satiety Offered By Eggs." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 26 Apr. 2012. Web.
7 Jun. 2012. APA

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posted by RD on 27 Apr 2012 at 6:44 am

This piece about eggs is a PR article by Edelman PR agency, not a serious piece of research. Richard Edelman, the CEO's, current assignments include work for the National Dairy Council.

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posted by Axel F on 26 Apr 2012 at 1:12 pm

This adds support to previous study results that low carb/high fat diets may be favorable in patients with the metabolic syndrome. Generalized diet recommendations that apply to everybody are not justified.

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Thursday, July 12, 2012

Risk Of Prediabetes Increased In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome By Sleep Apnea

Main Category: Sleep / Sleep Disorders / Insomnia
Also Included In: Women's Health / Gynecology; Obesity / Weight Loss / Fitness
Article Date: 28 Jun 2012 - 0:00 PDT

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Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who also have obstructive sleep apnea have at least three times the risk of having prediabetes compared with women who do not have PCOS, according to a new study. The results were presented at The Endocrine Society's 94th Annual Meeting in Houston.

"In the last few years, sleep apnea has been found to be a frequent comorbidity [coexisting condition] with PCOS, and our study shows that women who have both conditions are at greatest risk of metabolic disturbances such as prediabetes," said the study's senior author, David Ehrmann, MD, a University of Chicago professor of medicine and director of the University of Chicago Center for PCOS.

"Patients who have one or both of these conditions should be screened early for Type 2 diabetes and should be monitored regularly," Ehrmann said.

He and his colleagues studied 171 obese women: 121 with PCOS, a common female hormonal disorder that affects 5 to 10 percent of women of childbearing age, and 50 without PCOS. All study subjects had an oral glucose tolerance test, which measures the blood sugar level before and for two hours after the patient drinks a sugary solution. If the blood glucose level at two hours is less than 140 mg/dL, it is considered normal. Levels above 200 mg/dL indicate Type 2 diabetes, and levels between 140 and 200 mg/dL are diagnostic of impaired glucose tolerance, also called prediabetes. Prediabetes often progresses to Type 2 diabetes.

Additionally, all women had an overnight sleep study, called a polysomnogram, to look for obstructive sleep apnea, in which breathing stops repeatedly during sleep. Mild sleep apnea is defined as having between 5 and 15 such episodes per hour of sleep; moderate sleep apnea exists when 15 to 30 episodes occur per hour and severe sleep apnea is present when more than 30 such episodes occur per hour. There appears to be a strong relationship between sleep apnea severity and diabetes risk, Ehrmann said.

In women with PCOS, sleep apnea was more prevalent than in the control subjects without PCOS (48 percent versus 36 percent, respectively), and when present, it also was more severe, the authors reported. Similarly, PCOS-affected women were more likely to have prediabetes - 44 percent versus 22 percent of controls.

The investigators found that the greater the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in women with PCOS, the higher their two-hour blood sugar values were on the glucose tolerance test.

The research team also found that the lower the levels of the female hormone progesterone, the higher the blood sugar values. Progesterone is typically low in women with PCOS, and Ehrmann said insufficient progesterone may contribute to obstructive sleep apnea. Notably, high testosterone levels were not predictive of sleep apnea or abnormal glucose tolerance, he said.

PCOS causes the ovaries to produce an excess of male hormones and is the most common cause of female infertility. It also can result in obesity, acne, thinning hair on the scalp and excessive facial and body hair.

Article adapted by Medical News Today from original press release. Click 'references' tab above for source.
Visit our sleep / sleep disorders / insomnia section for the latest news on this subject. This study received funding from the National Institutes of Health Specialized Centers of Research on Sex Differences Research and the Blum-Kovler Foundation in Chicago.
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